112 research outputs found
Is a Semantic Web Agent a Knowledge-Savvy Agent?
The issue of knowledge sharing has permeated the field of distributed AI and in particular, its successor, multiagent systems. Through the years, many research and engineering efforts have tackled the problem of encoding and sharing knowledge without the need for a single, centralized knowledge base. However, the emergence of modern computing paradigms such as distributed, open systems have highlighted the importance of sharing distributed and heterogeneous knowledge at a larger scaleâpossibly at the scale of the Internet. The very characteristics that define the Semantic Webâthat is, dynamic, distributed, incomplete, and uncertain knowledgeâsuggest the need for autonomy in distributed software systems. Semantic Web research promises more than mere management of ontologies and data through the definition of machine-understandable languages. The openness and decentralization introduced by multiagent systems and service-oriented architectures give rise to new knowledge management models, for which we canât make a priori assumptions about the type of interaction an agent or a service may be engaged in, and likewise about the message protocols and vocabulary used. We therefore discuss the problem of knowledge management for open multi-agent systems, and highlight a number of challenges relating to the exchange and evolution of knowledge in open environments, which pertinent to both the Semantic Web and Multi Agent System communities alike
Dynamic Change Evaluation for Ontology Evolution in the Semantic Web
Changes in an ontology may have a disruptive impact on any system using it. This impact may depend on structural changes such as introduction or removal of concept definitions, or it may be related to a change in the expected performance of the reasoning tasks. As the number of systems using ontologies is expected to increase, and given the open nature of the Semantic Web, introduction of new ontologies and modifications to existing ones are to be expected. Dynamically handling such changes, without requiring human intervention, becomes crucial. This paper presents a framework that isolates groups of related axioms in an OWL ontology, so that a change in one or more axioms can be automatically localised to a part of the ontology
An Experiment in Retrofitting Competency Questions for Existing Ontologies
Competency Questions (CQs) are a form of ontology functional requirements
expressed as natural language questions. Inspecting CQs together with the
axioms in an ontology provides critical insights into the intended scope and
applicability of the ontology. CQs also underpin a number of tasks in the
development of ontologies e.g. ontology reuse, ontology testing, requirement
specification, and the definition of patterns that implement such requirements.
Although CQs are integral to the majority of ontology engineering
methodologies, the practice of publishing CQs alongside the ontological
artefacts is not widely observed by the community. In this context, we present
an experiment in retrofitting CQs from existing ontologies. We propose
RETROFIT-CQs, a method to extract candidate CQs directly from ontologies using
Generative AI. In the paper we present the pipeline that facilitates the
extraction of CQs by leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) and we discuss its
application to a number of existing ontologies
Negociation/argumentation techniques among agents complying to different ontologies
euzenat2005gThis document presents solutions for agents using different ontologies, to negotiate the meaning of terms used. The described solutions are based on standard agent technologies as well as alignment techniques developed within Knowledge web. They can be applied for other interacting entities such as semantic web services
A Systematic Review of Data-Driven Approaches to Item Difficulty Prediction.
Assessment quality and validity is heavily reliant on the quality of items included in an assessment or test. Difficulty is an essential factor that can determine items and testsâ overall quality. Therefore, item difficulty prediction is extremely important in any pedagogical learning environment. Data-driven approaches to item difficulty prediction are gaining more and more prominence, as demonstrated by the recent literature. In this paper, we provide a systematic review of data-driven approaches to item difficulty prediction. Of the 148 papers that were identified that cover item difficulty prediction, 38 papers were selected for the final analysis. A classification of the different approaches used to predict item difficulty is presented, together with the current practices for item difficulty prediction with respect to the learning algorithms used, and the most influential difficulty features that were investigated
Governance of Autonomous Agents on the Web: Challenges and Opportunities
International audienceThe study of autonomous agents has a long tradition in the Multiagent System and the Semantic Web communities, with applications ranging from automating business processes to personal assistants. More recently, the Web of Things (WoT), which is an extension of the Internet of Things (IoT) with metadata expressed in Web standards, and its community provide further motivation for pushing the autonomous agents research agenda forward. Although representing and reasoning about norms, policies and preferences is crucial to ensuring that autonomous agents act in a manner that satisfies stakeholder requirements, normative concepts, policies and preferences have yet to be considered as first-class abstractions in Web-based multiagent systems. Towards this end, this paper motivates the need for alignment and joint research across the Multiagent Systems, Semantic Web, and WoT communities, introduces a conceptual framework for governance of autonomous agents on the Web, and identifies several research challenges and opportunities
- âŠ